Assessing the Benefits of Cloud Computing A Case Study on NVoicePay

Assessing the Benefits of Cloud Computing A Case Study on NVoicePay In recent years, the emergence of cloud computing has transformed the business arena by providing an enabling force through which business organizations are now more able to efficiently and effectively reengineer their corporate strategy and competitive advantage.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Assessing the Benefits of Cloud Computing: A Case Study on NVoicePay specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although cloud computing is still in its development phases, a significant number of organizations have transitioned to the technology to reap from its competitive efficiencies as demonstrated in the literature (Garrison et al., 2012). The present paper uses a case study on NVoicePay to illuminate the business advantages of cloud computing and how IT leadership can be effective in achieving technology buy-in by communicating the benefits of the technology to executive stakeholders. Cloud computing has been defined as â€Å"†¦a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (such as networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be quickly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider protection† (Garrison et al., 2012, p. 62). Through cloud computing, therefore, organizations can have access to an IT service over a network on a needs basis and without having to invest in the technicalities of how the service is provided.  Extant literature demonstrates that NVoicePay, a leading e-payment solution provider for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), relies on the cloud as its primary architecture while operating as little of its own data center infrastructure as possible, with the view to assisting the SMEs automate invoice payment. Although the organization still maintains its in-house servers in a small data center run by NVoicePay employees specifically to safeguard t he customer identity and other sensitive information, it primarily depends â€Å"†¦on the Microsoft SQL Azure cloud platform for the rest of its computing horsepower, such as notifying parties of payments and updating their customers’ accounting systems† (Babcock, 2013 para. 35). The company is also using the Azure cloud platform to undertake accounting updates through the synchronized database services that are essentially supported by the Cloud provider’s AppFabric service bus.  NVoicePay’s business strategy resonates around providing fast and cost-effective electronic payment solutions to SMEs as they seek to compensate their vendors and suppliers for services rendered (Giegerich, 2012).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this perspective, the impact of cloud computing on the company’s business strategy can be s een in its capacity to use the infrastructure and programs hosted by Azure to efficiently and effectively assist the SMEs pay their suppliers and vendors electronically than with paper checks. This change, according to available statistics, have reduced the per-transaction cost from $3 to 43 cents, substantially increased business partners and clients, and also increased the amount of payments processed through the cloud computing environment from $200 million in 2011 to an estimated $ 1 billion in 2012 (Giegerich, 2012). Going by the figures above, it is clear that the business advantages of cloud computing cannot be underestimated. NVoicePay is a technology-intensive company by virtue of the fact that it employs web-based mechanisms to transact business (Babcock, 2013). Consequently, it can be argued that the adoption of cloud computing will go a long way in assisting the startup company â€Å"†¦lower [its] IT capital expenditures and operating costs by purchasing on demand technology resources (such as increased data storage, bandwidth, and processing power) while eliminating the need to maintain outdated equipment† (Garrison et al., 2012, p. 62). Its use of Azure cloud platform enables the company to have access to key technologies and software, including the AppFabric service bus, as well as skilled IT personnel who might otherwise be too costly and challenging to obtain and maintain (Goodburn Hill, 2010), hence further reducing its IT-related costs and increasing revenue streams and business agility (Von Solms Viljoen, 2012). Of fundamental importance is the fact that NVoicePay is now redirecting its critical resources and manpower towards core business activities, turning the Microsoft’s Azure cloud platform into an IT-related strategy for achieving competitive advantage (Garrison et al., 2012). Today, more than ever before, the company can boast of achieving improved flexibility, enhanced scalability, greener computing, cost saving s and other intangible benefits that have availed unlimited opportunities to improve the way this company operates (Von Solms Viljoen, 2012).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Assessing the Benefits of Cloud Computing: A Case Study on NVoicePay specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Indeed, owing to the adoption of cloud computing-based processing systems that eliminated the need for check writing, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Karla Friede estimates that the company’s revenue streams will continue to grow immensely over the coming years as it positions itself to tap into the $3 billion market (Giegerich, 2012). These business advantages demonstrate the unlimited opportunities that can be availed to organizations via cloud computing environments. NVoicePay is yet to fully adopt cloud computing, hence its opportunities may still be constrained. Consequently, it is the task of the IT department to demonst rate clearly the benefits of the technology to achieve technology buy-in (commitment to use or support the technology) from executive stakeholders. It is clear that the IT leadership at NVoicePay has succeeded in establishing trust and demonstrating integrity about the need for the organization to switch to cloud computing, set clear directions to sustain this transition, cultivated capabilities, promoted innovation and focused on key results of cloud computing to achieve the technology buy-in that has already taken place. However, since different stakeholders may demonstrate diverse interests, attitudes and priorities, the IT leadership needs to continue effectively communicating with stakeholders with the view to providing relevant information, establishing positive relationships and generating a positive understanding about the business need to adopt cloud computing at a much larger scale (Gould, 2012). Such strategies, in my view, will assist stakeholders in making informed deci sions about considering cloud for all IT planning. References Babcock, C. (2013). 4 Companies getting real results from cloud computing. InformationWeek. Web. Garrison, G., Kim, S., Wakefield, R.L. (2012). Success factors for deploying cloud computing. Communications of the ACM, 55(9), 62-68.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Giegerich, A. (2012, Jan 27). NVoicePay: The pay’s the thing. Portland Business Journal. Web. Goodburn, M.A., Hill, S. (2010). The cloud transforms business. Financial executive, 26(10), 34-39. Gould, R.W. (2012). Open Innovation and stakeholder engagement. Journal of Technology Management Innovation, 7(3), 1-11. Von Solms, R., Viljoen, M. (2012). Cloud computing service value: A message from the board. South African Journal of Business Management, 413(4), 73-81.

How to Pick a College as an Undecided Major

For some students, the college search is simplified by a clear and firm vision of a future career or professional path. If you’ve spent your childhood dreaming of becoming a doctor, an artist, or a social worker, your college search will naturally be focused on schools that provide strong programming in your area of interest. For other students, though, the path remains unclear. If this is you, don’t worry about it. There are literally millions of students who arrive to college each year with an undecided major, and even many who graduate with a major yet still don’t quite know what they want to be â€Å"when they grow up†. While your college search might be slightly less focused in terms of academic program offerings, it doesn’t have to be any less focused on the dozens of other priorities that you’ll consider when choosing a college. To learn how to pick a college as a undecided major, don’t miss this post. If you’re not entirely sure what path you want to pursue, try focusing on schools that provide a little of everything. Many schools offer liberal arts programs that touch on classes in every subject area. This breadth of knowledge will serve you well, even when you eventually focus in on a single career path. After all, everyone uses core skills like math and English throughout their daily lives. In addition to liberal arts schools, you might check out schools that offer a number of different professionally focused paths in general subject areas that are of interest to you. If you’re interested in science but haven’t chosen a specific track yet, look at schools that offer a broad variety of programs within the subject area. These could include engineering, physical therapy, pharmacy, or even premed. This way, you don’t close any potential doors in your subject areas of interest. At some point during your college career, you will have to declare a major—the decision can’t be put off indefinitely. At some colleges, however, you don’t need to declare a major until the end of sophomore year. Choosing a school like this allows a little more time for exploration before you need to focus in on a single area of study. Our Early Advising Program helps students in 9th and 10th grade discover their passions and build strong academic and extracurricular profiles to succeed in high school. Putting off your major declaration can actually be a really smart choice. Even students who think that they have a clear idea of their career path as early as high school might find more exciting options as they explore collegiate course offerings. In fact, a study published by the journal Inside Higher Ed that students who declare their majors late or even change majors during college have a higher graduation rate than those who declare early. In light of this study, some colleges are actually changing how students declare their majors. At Georgia State University , students now select a â€Å"meta major† before focusing on an actual major. A meta major is essentially a broad subject area in which students take classes that will eventually count towards a more specific major. For example, a student who wants to become an accountant would enroll in the business meta major and take classes that lead towards a career in business. If that student later decided he or she would rather work in management, the classes accrued in the business meta major would still count towards his or her new track. This change has led to 32 percent decrease in the number of major changes among undergraduates at the University, so it’s clear that delaying a major declaration might indeed be a smart thing to do. Open curriculum schools are schools without a core curriculum, meaning that there are no mandatory courses outside of your major requirements (there may, however, be a single freshman seminar requirement to focus on developing college writing skills). Often at these schools, students are also allowed to wait until the end of their sophomore year to declare a major.   In this way, students have much more control over the classes they choose to take. This is a relatively new trend in higher education and reflects the broadening skills often required in a workplace. Of course, there are still some requirements that will drive your course selections if you choose an open curriculum school. For one, you’ll still need complete your major requirements. If you don’t, some open curriculum schools may grant you a bachelor’s degree in â€Å"Liberal Arts,† but not majoring in any subject is still seen as a last resort; you are expected to major in something. At these schools, you will also to still need meet prerequisites to take upper level classes. That means you’ll have to take introductory classes in certain subject areas in order to advance.   If you’re interested in schools that offer an open curriculum program option, here is a list to get you started. Some schools are not totally open curriculum, but offer more freedom than most. Those technicalities are noted in parentheses: University of Rochester   (must take 3 courses in 2 fields outside of your major) Vassar College   (has a foreign language and quantitative course requirement) Wake Forest University   (has a special open curriculum program, but not for all undergraduates) Finally, keep in mind that your future major or career path is only one small part of how you choose a college. Ultimately, your own experiences and your education beyond college will do more to shape your future career than your college major. As such, there are many other priorities that you will want to consider when choosing a college. These might include things like geographic location, class sizes, extracurricular offerings, student services, and more. To learn more about the other factors you should consider when choosing a college, check out these posts: If you’d like some more help focusing in on potential majors or career paths, or choosing a college without a firm plan for the future, consider the benefits of the Near Peer Mentorship Program , which provides access to practical advice on topics from college admissions to career aspirations, all from successful college students.

Strategic management examination - case study of UK supermarkets and Essay

Tesco and the UK Grocery Retail Industry - Essay Example As noted in the previous question and also in sync with the case, it has been seen, that the Porter’s Five Forces also influence the companies to enter into the high street stores to a great extent and the below mentioned forces help understand the reasons to a great extent. Firstly, the barriers to entry are very low in this industry. Cost advantages can be minimized by smart outsourcing of production, and doing so can allow new entrants in the market with relatively little capital requirements. As seen in the case there are several small grocery stores that are being opened every single day on the high streets. These form a great threat to the super markets. However, building an appealing brand image is crucial to success, and this is where new entrants may have difficulty. Additionally, acquiring the necessary distribution points may prove challenging as a newcomer, and so some obstacles do exist for newcomers. Secondly, considering the buyer power, the current period has h ad a number of issues with the buyer power of the nation. This is mainly due to the recession. However in the case of Tesco, the threat is relatively low as the company operates on providing the customers with ‘Everyday Low Prices’. Also, in the current markets, it is the consumers who dictate what will sell and what won’t – ultimately, if they disapprove of the item, then it will not be sold. Next the supplier power, as seen in the case, since there are many suppliers in the industry, and there is little room for forward integration or differentiated inputs as many of these suppliers outsource production to the same or similar factories. In this industry it is the end consumer who must accept the product for it to be successful, and with no shortage of competing brands, the supplier has a limited ability to control the market. In the case of Tesco again this is relatively low as the company does apart from the various brands also manufacture their own bra nds. Hence this gives them an edge and allows them to be able to cope with the supplier power. Also, the threat of substitutes is relatively low in this industry.

A National PE Curriculum Model or a Program Framework Research Paper

A National PE Curriculum Model or a Program Framework - Research Paper Example SEPEP is distinguished from any other physical education programs mainly by its focus on the staging of a sports tournament. Throughout the program, the students organize and manage the sporting competition. It is expected that they would learn about sports effectively at the same time gain practical and theoretical insights with respect to the roles and dynamics of sports in real life. In this vein, one also recalls the main characteristic and goal of the authentic model, which is to teach sports by creating an authentic setting and experience for learners. Particularly, there is an emphasis on the diversity of roles. The authentic model makes sure that students do not merely participate as players but also take the role of referee, scorekeepers, record takers, performance reporters, coach and team managers. The main difference, however, is that the SEPEP framework is broader for the students with the added responsibility of having to organize the sporting event itself. This is part icularly important especially when one takes into account a recognized theory that, in order for physical education to be effective – that it exerts a meaningful impact to the students’ life - it must be taught within the social context as enacted in the community (Burrows, Macdonald & Wright, p. 64). The idea is that students are in a better position to learn concepts such as teamwork, fitness and fair play, among others. The SEPEP as teaching framework is an interesting model. It entails a different approach with respect to the teacher and the students; roles.

Madness and Insanity in Shakespeares Hamlet - Hamlet is Truly Sane :: The Tragedy of Hamlet Essays

Hamlet is Truly Sane In William Shakespeare's play, Hamlet, we meet an interesting character named Hamlet. His father is killed and he finds out it was his uncle who murdered him. This, among other events, is believed to drive Hamlet insane. But he is not insane, he merely puts on an act because he craves attention, and is really quite sane. There are little incidents that tell the truth of his state of mind. He plans ahead, before doing something important. He acts in a calm and rational manner (most of the time) when planning, and when carrying out this plan, acts irrational. Everything he does is done for a viable reason; there is a purpose to what he does and why he does it. Also, Hamlet is aware of what is going on around him, something someone insane would not see. Hamlet plans ahead before doing certain tasks. When the acting company comes along, Hamlet talks to himself discussing that the play will bring about the conscience of the killer. He thinks of a play where a man is killed by someone close, something that resembles Hamlet's father's murder. This was not done in a state of insanity, and it was not spurr-of-the-moment idea. Hamlet thought this through and planned it out ahead. People insane do not think to plan ahead and do not act in rational manner. When Hamlet does act irrationally, it is in front of people; it is as if Hamlet wants the world to think he is insane. But maybe his reason for acting insane is legitamite.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Many of Hamlet's actions are done for a viable reason. He does not go off and do random acts of violence or anything of the sort. When Hamlet was going to kill Claudius the first time, he stopped himself, because Claudius was in confession. If Hamlet had killed him there, all of Cladius' sins would have been wiped away, and Hamlet feared sending him to heaven, so he would wait for a better time to kill Claudius. When Hamlet was arguing with his mother and Polonius approaches, Hamlet assumes it was the King. They scuffle, and Hamlet stabs Polonius. Hamlet thought it was the King, a viable reason, just not true. The most important reason to prove Hamlet's sanity is that he is aware of what is going on around him.

Women in Hamlet

In William Shakespeare's Hamlet, the roles of women are dependent on men. There are only two women in the play who have a direct relationship with Hamlet. Ophelia, who looked up greatly towards Polonius, Laertes who has a great influence on her life as well as Hamlet. The other female role is Gertrude, Hamlets mother always trying to impress the men in her life not only her son but previous marriages. As these women are the most important female characters in the play it is first shown through Ophelia. Ophelia is not independent as she has to rely on men such as her father, brother and boyfriend.First, she is greatly obedient for her father willingly to do what he requests her to do without hesitation. Polonius gives her advice to take in a strong manner to break it off with Hamlet knowing she must listen. She responds with respect â€Å"I shall obey, my lord† (I. iii. 136). She tells him that she will do as he asks obeying his commands, because he is the only one she may go t o until she gets married. Not able to make decisions for herself either way for the fact if she married Hamlet he would be making them for her.Also, Hamlet was the man she considered spending her life with and was willing to do what he would ask of her trying to win his affection. Although, after listening to her father, by agreeing to stop seeing Hamlet, he over reacts on her with anger, mocking in which her reputation is ruined and how she will never find a man. She does not defend herself after these comments knowing you cannot battle against a male, yet later cries to wish he did not react that way â€Å"Oh, woe is me / T' have seen what I have seen, see what I see!† (III. i. 160-1).Requiring the desire to please all men, this makes her feel terrible although she did satisfy her father. Another influence she significantly admires and respects is her brother Laertes. Before his leave, he gave her great advice in which she took account of since her brother was like a role m odel, promising, â€Å"I shall the effect of this good lesson keep / As watchman to my heart. †(I. iii. 45-6). Wanting to make him feel proud and show prove how she is capable of taking care of herself.Later, with the loss of her father and absence of her brother, as well as being apart from the man she loves, is one of the reasons to why her life ends early. She drowns as explained, that her garment pulled her down. Moreover, it is as if she had no one around to motivate her to fight to live, since none of the men are around to regulate her to do so. Furthermore, Ophelia a young woman is obligated to abide by the rules of men as well as the Queen of Denmark also who relies on their comfort.Gertrude’s oblivious personality makes her dependent on the men in her life shadowing not only King Claudius but King Hamlet and her son Hamlet as well. The love for her son ends her life in tragedy by drinking from the chalice of poison that King Claudius prepares for Hamlet. Altho ugh, she knows not to drink the chalice as the King warns her not to, nevertheless, does it anyways symbolize as a sacrificing mother. Before her death the last she says, â€Å"No, no, the drink, the drink! O my dear Hamlet! / The drink, the drink! I am poisin’d† (V.ii. 303-4).This depicts what happens if women are disobedient as she was to her husband which led to her death and also portraying how saving Hamlets life was what she had to do being selfless and caring. In addition, Gertrudes need for attention is seen after her quick marriage following the death of King Hamlet. Losing the feeling of importance, where she needs, and rapidly gets over her husband’s death moving on explaining to hamlet, â€Å"Do not for ever with thy vailed lids / Seek for thy noble father in the dust† (I. ii. 70-1).Revealing how her values of affection are far greater than her moral righteousness and respect of herself not considering others approach on situations. Marrying K ing Claudius, she is highly dependent on him, who is able to persuade her in fictitious ideas others might not allow themselves to believe yet Gertrude constantly does. Such as after, he hears of the death of Polonius, tries to make it sound like he is helping Hamlet with his best interests when in reality he plans to kill him.As he assures the Queen, â€Å"It had been so with us, had we been there / His liberty is full of threats to all† (IV.i. 13-4), the king attempt to secure his own safety first sending Hamlet off somewhere far by seeming like it is for a greater intrest. Gertrude is oblivious to her surroundings which present it easier for the King to manipulate in addition for her disregard for her own place and her ultimate confusion. Gertrude is a strong character by her title as being the Queen, nevertheless forced to obey and concur with reinstated ideas by the King, losing attention from King Hamlet and sacrificing herself for Hamlet.The woman of Shakespeareâ€℠¢s play Hamlet needs guidance in order to achieve fulfillment. Ophelia, seen loyal and obedient to her father Polonius, brother Laertes and listening to other males such as Hamlet recognized throughout the play, displays her devotion to make them pleased. Finally, Gertrude has a high power considering all the women and even men, still fights the struggle between impressing men in order to achieve satisfaction. They both play the passive roles in the play; this shows that all women were not measured as equals.

The Principles Of Job Enrichment - 1059 Words

Written Assignment Unit 7 This paper will analyse the article by Elizabeth Layman on Job redesign in Health Information Services (HIS) Departments. A few aspects which shall be explored are the principles of job enrichment applied in this case, the principles of goal setting applied in this case, the outcomes of job enrichment in the HIS Departments and the impact of job enrichment on motivation and communication in the HIS Departments. Before commencing it is necessary to define some of the terms used in the introduction. Job design â€Å"is the specification of contents, methods and relationship of jobs in order to satisfy technological and organizational requirements as well as the social and personal requirements of the job holder† (Job design, n.d.). This definition, therefore, also reflects what is meant by job redesign. Job enrichment can be defined as â€Å"a job redesign technique that allows workers more control over how they perform their own tasks, giving them more responsibility† (Carpenter, Taylor, Erdogan, 2009, p. 336). Job design is very important to an organisation. â€Å"Job design has a major impact on employee motivation, job satisfaction, commitment to organization, as well as absenteeism and turnover† (Carpenter, Taylor, Erdogan, 2009, p. 335). According to Layman (2011) management has the responsibility of restructuring jobs to strive for maximum efficiency and effectiveness. In regards to the article, much emphasis has been put onto job enrichment whichShow MoreRelatedThe Principles Of Job Enrichment914 Words   |  4 PagesLayman’s case study, there is much information to be gained on their use of Goal Setting and Job Design within the Expanded HIM Functions of the health care delivery system. Within this analysis I will be going over how the principles of goal setting were applied to this case, how the principles of job enrichment applied to this case, the outcomes of job enrichment, and finally the impact that the job enrichment had on motivation and communication within the HIM Departments. With answering the firstRead MoreThe Principles Of Job Enrichment879 Words   |  4 Pageswhich principles to follow and which to shelf could mean the difference between success and failure. As we take a look at current systems in use by Health Information Service (HIS) Departments there is an obvious need for a dynamic response for managers to redesign the work tasks to achieve desired results. Principles of Motivation are especially important when large amounts of data and it can be a challenge to implement. As these ideas are explored leaders are keen to follow the principles of jobRead MoreThe Principles Of Goal Setting1127 Words   |  5 PagesRead and analyze the article. Answer the following questions: How are the principles of goal setting applied in this case? Between 1979 and 1985, management of HIS Department implemented five specific goals. . These goals simplify the culture of goal setting in this organization. One reason behind the success of HIS Department is the regular adaptation to change in work ethics. In other words, HIS Department engages in job redesign to meet the needs of clients and employees. Besides the goal settingRead MoreImproving The Organizational Structure Of A Job Redesign816 Words   |  4 Pagescontrary, working smarter is an alternative to work overload by implementing a job redesign or also known as job enrichment. The following questions are answered below. How are the principles of goal setting applied in this case? For the HIS Department, the goal is job redesign, in order to comply with the high demand of converting paper charts to electronic records. The goals are to re-engineer, restructure, work redesign and job redesign the entire organization. Re-engineering is when leaders examinesRead MoreThe Theory Of Job Enrichment And Job Design Essay780 Words   |  4 Pagesand their application to practical problems in work settings. The paper will examine the theory of job enrichment and job design. It will analyze a case study by Elizabeth Layman (2011) and will also be complimented by a relevant professional article by Elizabeth Forrestal. Introduction According to Carpenter, Taylor and Erdogan, (2009, page 336) the motivation concept of job enrichment entails â€Å"A job redesign technique that allows workers more control over how they perform their own tasks.† ThisRead MoreThe Principles Of Goal Setting1116 Words   |  5 PagesHow are the principles of goal setting applied in this case? Between 1979 and 1985, management of HIS Department implemented five specific goals. These goals simplify the culture of goal setting in this organization. One reason behind the success of HIS Department is the regular adaptation to change in work ethics. In other words, HIS Department engages in job redesign to meet the needs of clients and employees. Besides the goal setting culture in HIS Department, other factor affects work; theseRead MoreAnalysis Of Elizabeth Grammar On Job Redesign1064 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: JOB ENRICHMENT 1 Analysis of Case Study by Elizabeth Layman on Job Redesign University of the People JOB ENRICHMENT 2 Introduction Job design is a tool meant to work as motivator for employees. It is meant to increase job satisfaction and commitment. By the same token, it is meant to decrease turnover and absenteeism (Carpenter, M., Taylor, B., Erdogan, B., 2009). Elizabeth Layman offers a broader perspective on how job redesign changed the working environment in the Health InformationRead MoreThe Impact Of Job Enrichment On Motivation And Communication952 Words   |  4 Pagesgoal to survive (Layman, 2011). In this report the principles of goal setting, principles of job enrichment, outcomes of job enrichment and the impact of job enrichment on motivation and communication, will all be discussed as they pertain to the case study written by Layman titled, Job Redesign for Expanded HIM functions. The principles of goal setting are applied in this case in four stages, re-engineering, restructuring, work redesign and job redesign. Re-engineering focuses on systems and helpingRead MoreThe Health Information Services And Employees958 Words   |  4 Pagesemployees’ job description and can lead them to feel that they are performing tasks that diverge from their work design. They can also lead to an â€Å"alteration of work and jobs to the point of distortions, fragmentation, and overload.† (Layman, 2011). Managers and leaders can study on 4 different levels their departments’ alignment to achieve organizational goals. These levels are re-engineering, restructuring, work redesign, and job redesign (Layman, 2011). Job enrichment falls into the job redesignRead MoreHow Job Redesign Motivates Employees Essay835 Words   |  4 PagesHOW JOB REDESIGN MOTIVATES WORKERS IN HEALTH INFORMATION SERVICE DEPARTMENT (HIS) Introduction: Goal setting involves the development of an action plan designed to motivate and guide a person or group towards a goal. Goal setting can be guided by goal setting criteria such as the SMART criteria. That means a goal should be specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time bound. HOW THE PRINCIPLES OF GOAL SETTING ARE APPLIED IN HIS DEPARTMENT? To answer the first question from the case, I deduced